Understanding hyperpigmentation causes and treatments

What Causes Hyperpigmentation?

Several factors contribute to the development of hyperpigmentation:

1. Sun Exposure (Sunspots)

• UV radiation stimulates melanin production, leading to sunspots (solar lentigines), commonly found on the face, hands, and shoulders. 
• Without sun protection, existing hyperpigmentation can worsen. 

2. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)

• Dark marks left behind after acne, eczema, or skin injuries. 
• More common in darker skin tones due to increased melanin response. 

3. Melasma (Hormonal Hyperpigmentation)

• Patchy dark spots, usually on the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. 
• Often triggered by hormonal changes (pregnancy, birth control pills, menopause). 

4. Aging & Genetics

• As skin ages, melanin distribution becomes uneven, leading to pigmentation spots. 
• Some people are genetically predisposed to developing hyperpigmentation. 

How to Prevent Hyperpigmentation

✔ Wear Sunscreen Daily: SPF 30+ broad-spectrum sunscreen prevents sun-induced pigmentation. ✔ Avoid Picking at Acne or Injuries: This reduces the risk of post-inflammatory marks. ✔ Use Protective Clothing: Hats, sunglasses, and long sleeves help minimize UV exposure. ✔ Manage Hormonal Changes: If melasma is a concern, consult a doctor about hormonal treatments.

Best Treatments for Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation can fade over time, but treatment options can speed up the process.

1. Topical Skincare Treatments

• Vitamin C: A powerful antioxidant that brightens skin and reduces dark spots. 
• Retinoids (Retinol/Tretinoin): Increases cell turnover, helping fade pigmentation over time. 
• Hydroquinone: A skin-lightening agent available in prescription and OTC formulations. 
• Niacinamide: Reduces inflammation and helps prevent new pigmentation. 
• Alpha Arbutin: A gentle yet effective brightening ingredient. 

2. Professional Treatments

• Chemical Peels: Exfoliate the top layer of skin, improving pigmentation. 
• Laser Therapy: Targets deep pigmentation but requires caution for darker skin tones. 
• Microneedling: Stimulates collagen production and evens out skin tone. 
• Prescription Creams: Dermatologists may prescribe stronger treatments for stubborn pigmentation. 

When to See a Doctor for Hyperpigmentation

If hyperpigmentation is severe, spreading, or not responding to treatments, a dermatologist can provide medical-grade solutions.

Struggling with skin discoloration impacting your daily life? Whether it's melasma, dark spots, or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, you may need to get a doctors certificate or a sick note for work leave. medcurate.com.au provides hassle-free online medical certificates, so you can focus on your skin recovery without added stress.

Conclusion

Hyperpigmentation is a common but manageable skin concern. By using the right treatments and preventive measures, you can reduce its appearance and maintain an even skin tone. For persistent or severe pigmentation, professional medical advice can help determine the best course of action.